12 criteria for good archiving - analog, digital, with and without an ERP system
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Incoming documents go into the paper archive, outgoing documents remain in e-mail inboxes, in the Windows file system or in the ERP system? Unfortunately, this is still common practice in many companies. To prevent your employees from spending a large part of their working time searching for documents, we always recommend a consistent and ready-made filing system that meets the criteria for good archiving. But what exactly are these criteria for good archiving that we are always talking about? And does good archiving necessarily have to be digital, including a connection to the ERP system?
1. Central (in one place)
The documents are stored centrally in one place - and every employee knows where this place is. This can be the paper archive in room 555, but also a digital filing system with a document management system (DMS) via which all data is stored digitally in a central filing location.
2. Good accessibility
Every employee knows where the documents relevant to them are located within an archive. Everyone has access to the required documents at all times. Optimal accessibility would be achieved, for example, if employees could also access all possible documents within the archive from their home office - or on the move. Paper archives cannot achieve this, but digital archives can.
4. Hierarchies and authorization structure
Not all documents are intended for the eyes of all employees in equal measure. For example, many documents are subject to a certain level of data protection or are confidential. You must therefore ensure that not every employee who is currently in the archive can view everything stored here (e.g. employment contracts of colleagues) at will. Lockable cabinets would be the analog solution, hierarchical filing structures or password-protected areas the digital counterpart.
For small and medium-sized companies, 1,000 documents per week such as incoming and sales invoices, quotations, order confirmations, delivery bills, credit notes, etc. have long been a reality. Even with just two pages per document, that's 6 full Leitz folders per week for paper. Typical filing shelves measuring 1 m wide, 2 m high and 30 cm deep would therefore be completely full within 10 weeks. With a paper archive, you therefore need at least 5 file shelves per year, provided of course that you archive everything on paper and don't run a shuffle.
Digitally archive all the data that accumulates, either in the cloud or on a hard disk. The question of space becomes a question of storage space, which is hardly an issue with digital archiving. 1 TB of storage should be enough for many years.
6. Redundant
No one is immune to technical damage such as water damage (burst pipe) or fire. Such an event could destroy all paper documents in one fell swoop. Redundant archiving with paper, however, would mean that there is an exact 1-to-1 copy of the corresponding archive at some other location. Impossible with paper. Digital: everyday life.
7. Well thought out
Before any good archiving, there is the idea or concept of organizing the archiving of your documents in a logical and comprehensible way. Is the archiving done thematically according to document type? Chronologically? Alphabetically? By location? By customer? Is it a mixed form? Or a completely different idea?
However you structure your archive, it should be well thought out. The better the structure, the faster documents can be found, as employees will be looking in the right place right from the start.
8. Keyworded
As shown in the space-saving section, 1,000 documents per week is not the exception. If there are too many documents, it is therefore helpful to supplement the well-thought-out structure and create another way to search your archive. In digital DMS archives, all stored documents are keyworded or indexed, i.e. further information is assigned to these documents at meta level. You can search for these keywords and find all documents even faster.
For invoices, the keywords we recommend are, for example
- invoice number
- customer number
- booking date
- customer name
- Order number
- Invoice amount
- And other details if necessary
When searching for documents in everyday life, it can sometimes happen that the required documents are not all in the same folder despite the logical filing structure.
- This is the case, for example, if you are looking for all information on a particular customer. In this case, you would probably find them in many folders in many places (e.g. in the Contracts, Invoices, Orders, Reminders, etc. folder).
- Or, if you were to create folders for each customer, you would have to look in many different folders if you wanted to find all invoices sent on a particular day, for example. Or when comparing contracts ...
In these cases, it is helpful to have an archive that can be searched flexibly; across the existing filing structure and across all folders simultaneously. In document management systems, this is made possible by the digital search function, which is far superior to analog searches. In addition to keyword searches, modern document management systems also offer the option of full text searches. This allows you to search your archive even more flexibly.
10. Legal conformity
The legal framework for archiving documents - whether digital or analog - is extremely diverse. Extensive blog posts could be written about the legal requirements in Germany alone. In this blog post, we will limit ourselves to presenting the two most important legal criteria for good archiving:
- Audit compliance
- Data protection compliance
10.1 Audit-proof
The central, legally relevant criterion for the storage of documents is audit compliance. This means that the archived document must always look exactly as it did βback thenβ when it was created. With paper, you can do little wrong here, as archived original documents are audit-proof by definition.
Digital documents are different. This is because it is primarily outgoing documents such as invoices, quotations, delivery bills etc. that can still be generated years later from merchandise management solutions or ERP systems. However, many companies misinterpret this option as document archiving. This is fatal, because if anything has changed during this time frame - even if it is just the company logo - these changes are reflected in the regenerated document. This means that this document is not an identical copy of the original, which is why this βideaβ of digital filing is not audit-proof.
10.2 Data privacy compliant
Many documents that are archived have statutory retention periods. For most documents, this is 10 or 6 years. Once this period has expired, these documents may be removed from the archives and destroyed.
However, there are also documents with personal data. Due to data protection regulations (GDPR), these may not remain in the archive for longer than permitted.
Here are three examples of documents that will have to disappear from the archive at some point.
- Documents of rejected applicants (without individual agreement after 6 months)
- Documents from employees who have left the company (after 3 years)
- Pay slips of employees who have left the company but are still relevant for tax purposes (after 6 years)
There is therefore a legal obligation to retain data and at the same time the obligation to delete or destroy the data after a certain period of time. Above all, digital and analog archives should take data protection into account. This is because personal data must be removed from the archive in a timely manner.
An almost impossible task when archiving on paper - but not digitally. Thanks to the functions of modern document management systems, it is easy to meet these deadlines. Here, you simply assign an appropriate date to all archived documents and, once the deadline has expired, the data records concerned are deleted securely and in compliance with the law. You determine which deadlines apply to which documents when you set up your archiving structure. This information is often preset in the corresponding DMS templates.
DMS + ERP: 2 further criteria for good archiving result from teamwork
As just shown, there are many criteria that make for good archiving. For the vast majority of these, digital archives, such as those offered by document management systems, are clearly superior to paper archives. The first criteria shown can be fulfilled with a good DMS.
However, if you now connect your DMS to your own ERP, there are further advantages, of which the points βefficientβ, βautomaticβ and βerror-freeβ should not be missing in a description of the criteria for good archiving.
11. Efficient and fully automatic
Managing and archiving documents should be quick and not take much time. Ideally, this βpaperworkβ or βadministrationβ should be done on the side and nobody has to worry about it. Sounds unrealistic? Not at all, because if you connect your DMS to your ERP, incoming and outgoing documents are archived efficiently and completely automatically, without even one employee having to index documents and upload them manually to a server or the DMS.
Automatically for outgoing documents:
The source of your digital outgoing documents is your own ERP system (e.g. when creating an invoice, order confirmation, etc.). If the ERP and DMS are well connected, the creation of each document in the ERP also leads to its audit-proof automatic archiving in the DMS - including complete indexing. No employee has to rework these documents or file them anywhere.
Automatically for incoming documents:
Documents that arrive digitally as PDFs (e.g. incoming invoices) are opened directly in the DMS. Modern systems have workflow functions and OCR text recognition as standard. As part of the invoice approval process, all relevant data (including that for indexing) is then automatically read from the incoming document in the DMS. If this invoice is then transferred to the ERP system and posted here, it is simultaneously archived with all relevant meta information in the correct place in the DMS. No employee has to do anything here either.
This saves a lot of time and money, as the approx. 1,000 documents per week (see criterion no. 5) are archived almost automatically and completely by the way.
12. Error-free
Suppose a company did not connect ERP and DMS: what would happen?
- Documents that accumulate in the ERP would have to be manually loaded into the DMS; in the correct position.
- Keywording would also have to be done manually. 5 to 10 fields per document would be filled with copy + paste.
- There would also be manual steps for incoming documents.
As you can see, this is an extremely time-consuming process - time-consuming and error-prone. And with around 1,000 documents a week - and the resulting 5,000 to 10,000 fields to be indexed - manual errors are unavoidable.
If, on the other hand, you combine ERP and DMS, the filing locations and indexed information are always correct and error-free. Even the best digital archive is of little use if there are too many documents that are incorrectly named, incorrectly indexed or filed in the wrong place. If the βerror-freeβ criterion for good archiving is not met, the other criteria are only worth half as much.
Reliable connection of ERP and DMS
Is your ERP system Microsoft Dynamics 365 Finance & Supply Chain Management or Microsoft Dynamics 365 AX and your DMS is DocuWare, ELO or Sharepoint/Shareflex? Then you will find a reliable connector with which you can reliably fulfill all 12 criteria for good archiving.
How does this link work in detail and what additional benefits does it bring? You can find out on the individual product pages of our connectors for DocuWare, ELO and Sharepoint/Shareflex.
Further information
You can find more topics relating to DMS systems and digital archiving here on our blog:
- Why getting started with digitization with document management systems is so easy and profitable
- Portal Systems and Inway Systems turn SharePoint and Microsoft 365 into a fully-fledged DMS and connect it with the ERP system Dynamics 365 Finance & Supply Chain Management
- Linking the ERP system Microsoft Dynamics 365 with the DMS from ELO and DocuWare
- Filing and archiving documents and receipts correctly